Electrical meter.



No. 808,115. PATENTED DEC. 26, 1905.

' H. W. SAYLES.

ELECTRICAL METER.

APPLICATION FILED MAR. 13, 1905.

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APPLICATION FILED MAR. 13, 1905.

2 SHEBTSSHEET 2.

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HENRY W. SAYLES, OF PEORIA, ILLINOIS, ASSIGNOR TO DIAMOND METER COMPANY,OF PEORIA, ILLINOIS, A CORPORATION OF ILLINOIS.

ELECTRICAL METER.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Dec. 26, 1905.

Application filed March 13, 1905. Serial No. 249,721.

To all 111710171, it nuty concern.-

Be it known that I, HENRY W. SAYLES, a citizen of the United States,residing at Peoria, in the county of Peoria and State of Illinois, haveinvented a certain new and useful Improvement in Electrical Meters, ofwhich the following is a full, clear, concise, and exact description,reference being had to the accompanying drawings, forming a part of thisspecification.

My invention relates to a measuring instrument, and particularly toelectrical measuring instruments for measuring the amperehours in adirect-current circuit regardless of the voltage or voltage variation Aninstrument of this kind is very useful in connection withstorage-battery systems for merely measuring the charging anddischarging current thereof regardless of the voltages at which thiscurrent may be delivered.

The meter consists of an armature provided with windings and disposedwithin the field of series coils, a spindle supporting the armaturebeing suitably pivoted and also supporting a commutator and damping-diskand also connected with gearing-trains connected with a pointer adaptedto travel over a scale. Damping means in the shape of an electromagnetare employed, and the energizing-coils of this electromagnet are of highresistance and included in the pressure-circuit in series with thecommutator and armature-windings. I/Vhen the meter is connected incircuit, for instance, with storage batteries and the charging-currentis connected, the meter will rotate and the pointer will indicate at anytime the number of ampere-hours charged into the battery. Upon dischargein the same manner the pointer will travel toward its inward positionand at any time will indicate the number of amperehours drawn from thebattery and the number still remaining therein. Should the voltageincrease, for instance, over that for which the meter is adjusted, therewould begreater current-flow through the electromagnet-wind-ings andalso through the armaturewindings connected serially in circuittherewith. The increased current-flow through the armature-windings willtend to produce faster rotation thereof; but the same increase ofcurrent through the electromagnet-coils connected in series with thearmature will tend to increase the number of lines of force throughwhich the damping-disk must travel, and the opposite effect ofretardation will be produced on the spindle. The rate of in crease inthe damping by the electromagnet will not be proportional to theincreased speed tended to be occasioned by the armature, andconsequently the reading of the meter will not be proportional to thecurrent. This is also true should the pressure he reduced below that forwhich the meter is adjusted, and the effect of the electromagnet will beto overpower the effect which would tend to produce decreased speed ofthe armature, and the reading will therefore be fast. To compensate forthis difference in eifects of the electromagnets and the armature, Iassociate a permanent magnet with the electromagnet, the permanentmagnet being disposed to be magnetically in series with theelectromagnet. Upon increase of pressure over the normal the tendency ofthe electromagnet to overcome the effect on the armature to decrease thespeed thereof will be corrected by the permanent magnet upon decrease inpressure, and upon suitable adjustment between the permanent and electromagnets the meter can be made to read accurately.

I will now describe my invention more clearly, with reference to theaccompanying drawings, in which Figure 1 is a front elevation view ofthe meter, the cover thereof being removed; and Fig. 2 is a sideelevation of the meter, the cover being removed and a part of theinclosing-casing wall broken away.

The armature 1 of the meter is provided with the windings 2, suitablyconnected with the commutator 3, the armature and commutator beingmounted on a spindle 4, pivoted in pivot-screws 5 and 6. The armature isarranged within the field of the series coils 7 and 8. A damping-disk 9is secured to the spindle and rotates over the pole ends of anelectromagnet-core 10, provided with the en- The brushes 13 ergizingcoils 11 and 12.

The elecand 14 engage the commutator.

tromagnet core frame may be suitably secured to the meter-frame by meansof supports 15 15, and secured above the disk is a permanenthorseshoe-magnet 16, which may e composed of laminations and whose polesare arranged opposite the poles of the electromagnet in sucha mannerthat the two electhe edge of the damping-disk.

tromagnets are magnetically serially in circuit. The permanent magnet issecured to the upper part of the supports 17, which are secured to themeter-frame and at their upper ends are hooked about the yoke 18 of the,

permanent magnet, and clampingscrews 19 engage through the body part ofthe support 17 and with the ends of the hooks projecting below the yoke.The magnets are further secured in position by means of side plates 20,which are fastened to the side of the magnets, and are provided withloops 21 about The magnets also are slightly displaced from thediametrical line through the disk.

The spindle above the disk has wormthreads 22 meshing with gearing 23,suitably connected with a pointer 24, traveling over the scale-disk 25,which may be secured to the meter-frame inany suitable manner.

In Fig. 2 I have shown the circuit arrangements employed where the meteris utilized for indicating current-flow from storage batteries. Atwo-way switch 27 is shown, whose alternate contacts 28 are connectedwith a circuit for supplying translating devices 29, while the otheralternate contacts 30 are connected with a charging source 31. Thestorage battery 32 is connected with the middle contacts 33 and 34serially through the series coils 7 and 8. A shunt or pressure circuitis connected with the middle contact-leads and serially includes theenergizing-coils of the electromagnet, the brush 14, thearmaturewinding, and the brush 13, and the resistance B may also beincluded in this circuit for adjusting purposes.

When the storage battery is to be charged, the switch is thrown toconnect the charging source 31 in circuit therewith, and whendischarging the translating-device circuit is connected therewith. Inboth instances the currents will flow through the meter, but in oppositedirections.

Assuming that the pointer of the meter is normally at zero and thebattery connected with the charging source, then as the charging goes onthe pointer will travel over the scale and will indicate theampere-hours flowing into the battery, and when the battery has beenfilled to its full capacity the switch is thrown to allow the battery todis charge through the translating devices, and by observing the pointerthe amount of ampere-hours absorbed by the translating devices and theamount still remaining in the battery can be determined, and when thepointer has returned to zero the batteries of course must be recharged.

The pressure-current upon variation will tend to cause either increaseor decrease in the speed of the armature; but at the same time theeffect of the same current flowing through the energizing-windings ofthe elec tro damping-magnet will be to produce the opposite eflect onthe speed of rotation. For instance, if the pressure increases thecurrent in the pressure-circuit also increases, and the tendency throughthe armature will be to increase the speed of rotation. More lines offorce, however, will be caused to flow through the disk, and thetendency will be to offset the increased speed occasioned by thearmature and to maintain normal speed. It is found, however, that theeffects of the elec tromagnet and the armature are not proportional andthat the effect of the electro damping-magnet will more or lessoverpower the armature effect. To compensate for and to correct thisdifference in effects of the armature and electromagnet, I provide thepermanent magnet, as above described, theeifect of which magnet is toresist the overpowering effect of the electromagnet, and by suitableadjustment between the magnets the meter can be regulated to respondsolely to the current changes unaffected by the variations in thepressure. V

I do not wish to be limited to the arrangement of the meter parts asherein shown, as their disposition, construction, and arrangement mayreadily be varied without departing from the principle and scope of theinvention. 1

I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent 1. In a meter, thecombination with an armature secured to a spindle, of a series field forsaid armature, a damping-disk secured to the spindle, an electromagneticdampingmagnet for said disk, the windings on said electromagnet beingincluded serially in circuit with the armature-windings, and a permanentmagnet associated with the electromagnet, the combined effect of saiddamping and electro magnets being to cause the speed of rotation of thespindle to be proportional to current changes independent of pressurechanges.

2. In a meter, the combination with an armature, of a series fieldtherefor, a damping element for traveling with said armature, anelectromagnetic damping-magnet associated with the damping element,windings for said electromagnet, said windings'and the armature-windingbeing included serially in the meter pressure circuit, and a permanentdamping-magnet also associated with the' damping-disk and in magneticcircuit with the electromagnet, the combined effects of saiddamping-magnets being to cause a speed of rotation ofthe armatureproportional to the current-flow of the meter independent of thepressure.

3. In a meter, the combination with an armature provided with windingsand secured to a spindle, recording mechanism actuated upon-rotation ofthe armature, series fieldcoils associated with the armature, adamping-disk secured to the spindle, an electro magnet disposed near thedisk to cause damping thereof, coils for said electromagnet, said coilsand the armature-winding being connected serially in thepressure-circuit of the meter, the damping efiect of said electromagnetupon changes in pressure varying with the increased speed tendency ofthe armature to oppose the change in speed thereof occasioned by changein pressure, and a permanent magnet acting in conjunction With saidelectromagnet for causing the damping efiect on the disk to be exactlyproportional to the change in torque of the armature occasioned bycurrent changes in the pressurecircuit,-whereby the meter will indicatecurrent-flow through the main circuit independent of pressure changes inthe circuit.

4. In a meter, the combination with an armature provided with a windingand secured to a pivoted spindle, of indicating mechanism actuated uponrotation of the armature, series field-coils for the armature, adampingdisk secured to the spindle, an electromagnet for damping therotation of the spindle, energizing'coils for said electromagnet, saidcoils and the armature-winding being connected serially in the meterpressure'circuit, and the permanent magnet opposite the electromagnetand in magnetic series therewith, the combined eflect of theelectromagnet and permanent magnet being to vary the damping of the diskin proportion as the speed of the armature tends to vary upon changes ofpressure in the pressure-circuit, whereby the meter will indicatecurrent-flow independent of pressure variations.

5. In a meter, the combination with an armature provided with windingsand secured 'to a pivoted spindle, recording mechanism actuated uponrotation of the armature and spindle, series field-coils embracing thearmature, a damping member secured to the spindle, an electromagnethaving its poles near the damping element to direct lines of forcetherethrough, energizing-coils for said electromagnet, said coils andthe armaturewinding being included serially in the meterpressure-circuit, and a permanent magnet at the opposite side of thedamping element, the two magnets being connected in magnetic series andso related that their combined retarding effect on the damping elementis proportional to the varying rotative tendency on the armatureoccasioned by variation of current-flow through the meterpressure-circuit, whereby the meter will register current-flow throughthemain' circuit independent of pressure variation.

In Witness whereof I hereunto subscribe my name this 10th day of March,A. D. 1905.

' HENRY WV. SAYLES.

WVitnesses:

J. F. MILLEMANN, W. J. H. CRIBB.

